If you spend any time in the world of cross-border taxes, you start to notice a pattern: the hardest problems usually begin with a deceptively simple question—who gets to tax you? And the answer is rarely as simple as “the country where I live.” That’s because tax systems don’t rely on just one concept to decide who belongs in their net. They use citizenship, residency, and domicile. These terms sound similar, and people often use them interchangeably in casual conversation, but in tax law they mean very different things. For globally mobile individuals, understanding the difference matters. You can be a U.S. citizen, a tax resident of another country, and still have your long-term home base tied to a different jurisdiction altogether. Each label can trigger different tax consequences, different filing obligations, and different planning opportunities.

The simplest way to reduce your taxable income from an S corporation is to take some of the gross receipts directly into your personal account without running them through the corporate books. Don’t mention this to your tax preparer and make sure they don’t find out. If you get caught by the IRS, though, hire an expert to explain why it is your preparer’s fault. This plan did not work all that well for a couple, both physicians, who were running two medical family medical clinics through an S Corporation called MedExpress. They ended up being liable for the fraud penalty which has the collateral effect of extending the statute of limitations indefinitely. At 75% the fraud penalty is as bad as it can get without losing your liberty.

Follow-up isn’t nagging. Follow-up is leadership. It’s how we stay relevant, reduce decision friction, and serve prospects who genuinely need help but are overwhelmed, distracted, or uncertain. And if we’re honest, it’s also where a lot of revenue is quietly lost—not because people say “no,” but because they drift. There’s an old saying: the riches are in the follow-up. In public accounting, that’s not hype. It’s math.

Many multinational groups find that foreign-source dividends and other income earned by domestic affiliates are fully or partially subject to state income taxation, even where the federal system provides an exemption. This state-level “leakage” can be material – particularly in high-tax jurisdictions – and is often overlooked because the income appears sheltered at the federal level. For groups with predominantly foreign operations, a starting structure or a restructuring that causes one or more domestic affiliates to qualify as an “80/20 company” can substantially reduce or eliminate state taxation on that income.

We all know how messy tax returns can get when couples who used to file jointly divorce and there are children (and tax credits) involved. It’s often difficult to explain the rules surrounding Head of Household filing status and the various tax credits available to parent-clients who have separated or divorced. But what happens when the clients misunderstand and decide to fight about it in family or divorce court? The following case study says “nothing good” can be a horrifying and frustrating answer to this question.

Remember the dreaded student loan “tax bomb?” For the past few years, it's been easy to forget about it. Thanks to a temporary federal tax exclusion enacted during the pandemic, borrowers who received student loan forgiveness between 2021 and 2025 generally didn't have to include that forgiven debt in their taxable income — leaving many borrowers (and their advisors) to wonder if the tax bomb would eventually disappear for good. Unfortunately, Congress allowed the temporary exclusion to expire. Beginning in 2026, forgiven student loan balances may once again be treated as taxable income. While that sounds like a major change, the reality is that most borrowers didn’t benefit from these tax-free years in the first place. For most borrowers, forgiveness is still years away, and there’s no crystal ball for what future federal policymakers may do. In the meantime, advisors may need to revisit planning conversations that many assumed were behind them. And depending on where a borrower lives, their federal tax bill may be only part of the story.

CPAs routinely help clients improve tax efficiency, yet one of the most consequential advisory questions is whether the business itself could remain operational after a significant uninsured loss. Tax planning improves after-tax cash flow and strengthens annual performance, but continuity planning determines whether the enterprise can withstand disruption long enough to recover. When an adverse event threatens operations, liquidity and stability often matter more than marginal tax savings. For that reason, the discussion of risk funding deserves to sit alongside traditional tax strategy in any comprehensive advisory relationship.

A lot of client meetings still start with the same assumptions: W-2 in a U.S. state, mortgage nearby, a 401(k), maybe some RSUs, and a college-savings plan. Yet many of those “simple” clients now own an apartment in another country, freelance for a foreign company, or have parents wiring money from overseas. The tax code does not see those details as background color; it treats them as organizing facts. This is where citizenship, residency, and domicile quietly step onto center stage. For planners, the challenge is not memorizing every cross-border rule. It is knowing when a client is no longer “just domestic” and shifting your planning framework before you stumble into penalties, double taxation, or blown opportunities.