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Tax Rules and Due Diligence for Gambling
The vast range of taxable income and possible deductions and credits an individual may have for federal and state purposes creates a sizeable list of questions to ask clients annually. Regarding types of taxable income alone, the possible sources are almost too numerous to ask. So, is it enough for practitioners to ask for information reporting forms plus a general question about other sources of income? In 2021, the IRS expanded Schedule 1 (Form 1040), Additional Income and Adjustments to Income, changing line 8, “Other income. List type and amount” to lines 8a to 8p to highlight 16 specific types of “other income” with line 8z added for reporting any other income types. One of the specific income types at line 8b is for gambling income. Possibly the detailing of the Form 1040 other income line starting in 2021 signals that the IRS wants self-filers to be aware of what is taxable and that tax preparers should ask clients more questions. In addition to reviewing the tax rules for casual gamblers, two Tax Court bench opinions issued this year are to highlight recent gambling issues the IRS found. The opinions explored the tax gap from gambling activities along with its relevance to due diligence considerations for individuals and tax advisers.
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State Tax Planning with the “80/20 Company” Exclusion
Many multinational groups find that foreign-source dividends and other income earned by domestic affiliates are fully or partially subject to state income taxation, even where the federal system provides an exemption. This state-level “leakage” can be material – particularly in high-tax jurisdictions – and is often overlooked because the income appears sheltered at the federal level. For groups with predominantly foreign operations, a starting structure or a restructuring that causes one or more domestic affiliates to qualify as an “80/20 company” can substantially reduce or eliminate state taxation on that income.

Real World Ethics: What Happens When a Judge Doesn’t Understand Tax Law
We all know how messy tax returns can get when couples who used to file jointly divorce and there are children (and tax credits) involved. It’s often difficult to explain the rules surrounding Head of Household filing status and the various tax credits available to parent-clients who have separated or divorced. But what happens when the clients misunderstand and decide to fight about it in family or divorce court? The following case study says “nothing good” can be a horrifying and frustrating answer to this question.

The Return of Taxable Student Loan Forgiveness: Planning Considerations for 2026 and Beyond
Remember the dreaded student loan “tax bomb?” For the past few years, it’s been easy to forget about it. Thanks to a temporary federal tax exclusion enacted during the pandemic, borrowers who received student loan forgiveness between 2021 and 2025 generally didn’t have to include that forgiven debt in their taxable income — leaving many borrowers (and their advisors) to wonder if the tax bomb would eventually disappear for good. Unfortunately, Congress allowed the temporary exclusion to expire. Beginning in 2026, forgiven student loan balances may once again be treated as taxable income. While that sounds like a major change, the reality is that most borrowers didn’t benefit from these tax-free years in the first place. For most borrowers, forgiveness is still years away, and there’s no crystal ball for what future federal policymakers may do. In the meantime, advisors may need to revisit planning conversations that many assumed were behind them. And depending on where a borrower lives, their federal tax bill may be only part of the story.
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Think Outside the Tax Box provides tax reduction strategies along with practical
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